Stem Cells
Stem cells are the fundamental components of the organism, possessing the capacity to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types. They can be found in embryonic, foetal, and adult stages.
Thanks to their self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferation properties, they play a critical role in tissue regeneration and repair.
Features
Self-renewal:
They can maintain their stem cell properties by dividing for long periods.
Potency (differentiation capacity):
They can exhibit totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, or unipotent properties.
Tissue repair:
They play a role in the regeneration of damaged tissues.
Classification
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs):
They possess pluripotent properties and can differentiate into all cell types.
Adult stem cells (e.g. MSC):
They are multipotent and can differentiate into specific tissue types.
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC):
They are obtained by genetically reprogramming somatic cells.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells derived from connective tissue with multipotent properties. They can differentiate into cells such as bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, and connective tissue.
They also possess immunomodulatory properties, regulating the immune system, suppressing inflammation, and supporting regenerative processes.
They are one of the most commonly used types of stem cells in clinical applications.
Their main features are:
- Migration: Migration to damaged tissue
- Fusion: Merging with damaged cells
- Differentiation: Differentiation into the cell they merge with
- Immunosuppression: Reduction of immune system activation
- Immunomodulation: Regulation of the immune system
Enriched Adipose Stem Cells
(Stromal Vascular Fraction)
The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a cellular suspension obtained by extracting adipose (fat) tissue using liposuction and processing it in a laboratory environment.
SVF contains not only mesenchymal stem cells, but also numerous biologically valuable cells such as endothelial progenitor cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, immune cells, and vascular support cells. This rich cellular diversity makes SVF a powerful biological product in regenerative medicine.
SVF can differentiate into bone, cartilage, fat, and muscle cells thanks to its multipotent MSCs; it supports angiogenesis with its endothelial cells, regulates inflammation with its immune cells, and accelerates tissue repair.
The fact that it can be obtained in large quantities from adipose tissue and is easily accessible via minimally invasive liposuction methods are the main reasons for SVF’s preference in clinical applications.
The stem cells it contains, together with vascular and immune cells, play an important role in tissue healing, inflammation control, and supporting angiogenesis. It stands out as a promising treatment option, particularly in the fields of orthopaedics, cardiology, neurology, dermatology, and immunology.
Quality Control Parameters (Stromal Vascular Fraction)
- Culture Analysis
- Endotoxin Analysis
- Cell Count and Viability Analysis
- Mycoplasma Analysis
- Gram Stain Analysis